Neumatización detenida del seno esfenoidal: una condición benigna que simula lesiones patológicas / Arrested pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus: a benign condition that simulates pathological lesions

Resumen La neumatización detenida de los senos paranasales es una condición benigna poco conocida, que consiste en una variación de la neumatización normal, permaneciendo médula ósea grasa dentro de la cavidad, siendo más frecuente en el seno esfenoidal. Es generalmente asintomática y su diagnóstico suele ser incidental en el contexto de la realización de imágenes por otras causas, existiendo criterios imagenológicos definidos para esta condición. Su manejo es expectante y es esencial su distinción de otros diagnósticos diferenciales, con objeto de evitar procedimientos y tratamientos invasivos que solo aporten morbilidad. Presentamos dos casos de pacientes, de 15 y 16 años que, en estudio imagenológico por otra causa, se observan lesiones esfenoidales heterogéneas con focos de baja señal sugerentes de calcificaciones, con características compatibles con neumatización detenida del seno esfenoidal.

Abstract Arrested pneumatization of the paranasal sinuses is an under-recognized benign condition, which consists of a variation of the normal pneumatization, with fatty bone marrow remaining within the cavity, more frequent in the sphenoid sinus. It is generally asymptomatic, and its diagnosis is usually incidental in the context of imaging for other causes, with defined imaging criteria for this condition. Its management is expectant and its distinction from other differential diagnoses is essential, in order to avoid invasive procedures and treatments that only contribute morbidity. We present two cases of 15- and 16-year-old patients who, on imaging for another reason, show heterogeneous sphenoid lesions with low-signal foci suggestive of calcifications, with characteristics compatible with arrested pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus.

Lesiones esfenoidales aisladas / Isolated sphenoid sinus disease / Lesões esfenoidais isoladas

INTRODUCCIÓN: La enfermedad aislada del seno esfenoidal es rara y representa el 1-2% de todas las patologías inflamatorias sinusales y < 0,05% de las lesiones malignas sinusales. Es difícil establecer el diagnóstico debido a la presentación clínica inespecífica. La cefalea frontal y/o retroocular es la principal manifestación. El retraso en el diagnóstico y tratamiento puede resultar en serias complicaciones debido a sus relaciones anatómicas. OBJETIVOS: Presentar nuestra experiencia en lesiones esfenoidales aisladas, analizando sintomatología, etiología, diagnóstico y tratamiento de las mismas...

INTRODUCTION: Isolated sphenoid sinus disease is rare and accounts for1-2% of all inflammatory sinus pathologies and <0.05% of malignant sinus lesions. It is difficult to establish the diagnosis due to its nonspecific clinical presentation. Frontal and/or retro-ocular headache is the main symptom. Delay in diagnosis and treatment can result in major complications due to their anatomical relationships. OBJECTIVE: Present our experience in isolated sphenoid injuries, through the analysis of symptomatology, etiology, diagnosis and treatment of them...

INTRODUÇÃO: a doença isolada do seio esfenoidal é rara e representa entre 1% e 2% de todas as patologias inflamatórias sinusais e menos de 0,05% das lesões malignas sinusais. É difícil estabelecer o diagnóstico devido a apresentação clínica inespecífica. A cefaleia frontal e/ou retro-ocular é a principal manifestação. O atraso no diagnóstico e no tratamento pode causar complicações sérias devido à suas relações anatômicas. OBJETIVOS: Apresentar nossa experiência em lesões esfenoidais isoladas, analisando a sintomatologia, etiologia, diagnostico e o tratamento...

Fístula de líquido cefalorraquídeo del receso lateral de seno esfenoidal: ¿Es el canal de Sternberg un defecto real? / Cerebrospinal fluid leak of the lateral recess of the sphenoid sinus: is Sternberg's channel a real defect?

RESUMEN Las fístulas de líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR) corresponden a una comunicación anómala entre el espacio subaracnoideo y la cavidad nasal. El origen de las fístulas laterales del seno esfenoidal se encuentra en un defecto congénito de la base del cráneo, con una incompleta o prematura fusión de los componentes óseos implicados en el complejo proceso de osificación del esfenoides. Ello origina un canal sin cobertura ósea, solo cubierto por tejido conectivo, denominado canal craneofaríngeo lateral o de Sternberg. Este es un punto débil donde pueden aparecer encefaloceles y/o fístulas, su ubicación lateral en el seno constituyen una zona de difícil abordaje quirúrgico. La reparación quirúrgica de fístulas de LCR ha progresado drásticamente con el desarrollo de ópticas endoscópicas y la mejora en el conocimiento de la anatomía de la base de cráneo. Los endoscopios permiten una visualización directa, localización del defecto y por ende una reparación precisa que traduce menos recidivas y menor morbilidad asociada a accesos transcraneales realizados previamente. El propósito de este artículo es presentar el caso de paciente con fístula del receso lateral del seno esfenoidal, su reparación endoscópica y discusión del origen de la persistencia del canal de Sternberg como causa del defecto.

ABSTRACT Fístulas liquid cerebrospinal (CSF) correspond to an abnormal communication between the subarachnoid space and the nasal cavity. The origin of lateral fístulas of the sphenoid sinus is a congenital defect of the skull base, with an incomplete or premature fusion of bone components involved in the complex process of ossification of sphenoid. This originates a channel without bone coverage, only covered by connective tissue, called channel craneofaringeo or Sternberg channel. This is a weak point where may appear encephaloceles and/or fístula, the lateral location in sinus is a difficult surgical approach. Surgical repair of fístulas of CSF has progressed dramatically with the development of endoscopic optics and the improvement in the knowledge of the anatomy of the skull base. Endoscopes enable a direct visualization, location of the defect and thus accurate reparation and less morbidity associated with transcraneales accesses made previously. The purpose of this article is to present the case of patient with fístula of the lateral recess of the sphenoid sinus, endoscopic repair and discussion of the origin of the persistence of the channel of Sternberg as a cause of the defect.

Pituitary macroadenoma: analysis of intercarotid artery distance compared to controls / Macroadenoma de hipófise: análise da distância intercarotídea comparada a controles

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the intercarotid distance (ICD) of patients with pituitary macroadenoma and compare to heatlhy controls. Method We retrospectively reviewed contrast-enhanced MRI images from twenty consecutive patients diagnosed with non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma, measured the ICD at two different levels (petrous segment – ICD1 and horizontal cavernous segment – ICD2) and compared to twenty paired controls. Results There was no statistically significant difference of the mean ICD1 between the groups and subgroups. For the ICD2 there was statistically significant difference between the case and controls. However, there was no significant difference between the patients with smaller adenomas and the controls. In contrast, the patients with giant adenomas showed statistically significantly higher ICD2 than the controls. Conclusion The ICD at the horizontal segment of the cavernous carotid tends to be wider in patients with giant pituitary adenomas than in healthy individuals or patients with smaller adenomas.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a distância intercarotídea (DIC) de pacientes com macroadenoma de hipófise e comparar com controles saudáveis. Método Foram analisados retrospectivamente imagens de ressonância magnética com contraste de vinte pacientes consecutivos com diagnóstico de macroadenoma hipofisário não-funcionante, medidas as DIC em dois níveis diferentes (segmento petroso – DIC1 e segmento cavernoso horizontal – DIC2) e comparados com vinte controles pareados. Resultados Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa da DIC1 média entre os grupos e subgrupos. Para a DIC2 houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os casos e controles. No entanto, não houve diferença significativa entre os doentes com adenomas menores e os controles. Entretanto, os pacientes com adenomas gigantes tiveram estatisticamente significativamente DIC2 que os controlos. Conclusão A DIC no segmento horizontal da carótida cavernoso, tende a ser mais larga em doentes com adenomas hipofisários gigantes do que em indivíduos saudáveis ou de pacientes com adenomas menores.

Pituitary macroadenoma presenting as a nasal tumor: case report / Macroadenoma hipofisário, apresentando-se como um tumor nasal: relato de caso

CONTEXT: Pituitary macroadenomas are rare intracranial tumors. In a few cases, they may present aggressive behavior and invade the sphenoid sinus and nasal cavity, causing unusual symptoms. In this paper, we report an atypical case of pituitary adenoma presenting as a nasal mass. CASE REPORT: The patient was a 44-year-old woman who had had amenorrhea and galactorrhea for ten months, with associated nasal obstruction, macroglossia and acromegaly. Both growth hormone and prolactin levels were increased. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a large mass originating from the lower surface of the pituitary gland, associated with sella turcica erosion and tumor extension through the sphenoid sinus and nasal cavity. Histopathological analysis demonstrated a chromophobe pituitary adenoma with densely packed rounded epithelial cells, with some atypias and rare mitotic figures. There was no evidence of metastases. CONCLUSION: Macroadenoma invading the nasal cavity is a rare condition and few similar cases have been reported in the literature. This study contributes towards showing that tumor extension to the sphenoid sinus and nasopharynx needs to be considered and investigated in order to make an early diagnosis when atypical symptoms like nasal obstruction are present. .

CONTEXTO: Macroadenomas hipofisários são tumores intracraniais raros. Em alguns casos, podem apresentar comportamento agressivo e invadir o seio esfenoidal e a cavidade nasal, causando sintomas não usuais. Neste relato de caso, descrevemos um caso atípico de adenoma hipofisário manifestando-se como uma massa nasal. RELATO DE CASO: A paciente de 44 anos, do sexo feminino, apresentava amenorreia e galactorreia por 10 meses associando-se a obstrução nasal, macroglossia e acromegalia. Os níveis do hormônio de crescimento e de prolactina apresentaram-se aumentados. Ressonância magnética mostrou uma grande massa originada da superfície inferior da glândula hipofisária associada com erosão da sela túrcica e extensão do tumor através do seio esfenoidal e cavidade nasal. Análise histopatológica demonstrou adenoma hipofisário cromófobo com células epiteliais arrendondadas densamente agrupadas com algumas atipias e escassas figuras de mitose. Não houve evidências de metástase. CONCLUSÃO: O macroadenoma invasivo para a cavidade nasal é uma condição rara e há poucos relatos similares descritos na literatura. Este trabalho contribui para mostrar que, na presença de sintomas atípicos como a obstrução nasal, a extensão para o seio esfenoidal e para a nasofaringe deve ser considerada e investigada para um diagnóstico precoce. .

Capillary hemangioma of the sphenoid sinus / Hemangioma capilar do seio esfenoidal

Hemangiomas of upper respiratory tract are uncommonly seen in clinical practice, and there are only a few reports of cases arising in the nasal sinuses. Specifically concerning capillary hemangiomas of the sphenoid sinus, as far as we know, there is only one case reported in the literature. This case report describes also a capillary hemangioma of the sphenoid sinus. A 26 year- old man complained of an intense headache and a retronasal bloody drainage. After some days in conservative treatment without any improvement, and after having an imaging study showing partial opacification of the sphenoid sinus, he underwent a left sphenoidectomy. The lesion identified in the region was ressected and sent to histopathological analysis, which revealed a capillary hemangioma. The patient is on follow-up for 12 months now and still asymptomatic. This case report emphasizes the importance of also considering this diagnosis when evaluating paranasal sinuses related complaints, even when faced with a clinical history and ancillary exams indicative of a common inflammatory disease. Despite the good result seen with the surgical management of this patient, this alternative should be carefully chosen, taking into account possible hemorrhagic complications of different hemangiomas.

Hemangiomas da via aérea superior são vistos raramente na prática clínica e há apenas alguns relatos de casos nos seios paranasais. Falando especificamente do hemangioma capilar do seio esfenoidal, pela nossa busca na literatura, há apenas um relato. Descrevemos aqui mais um caso de hemangioma capilar do seio esfenoidal. Paciente de 26 anos com cefaleia intensa e drenagem pós-nasal que, após alguns dias de tratamento conservador sem melhora, e tendo feito exames de imagem mostrando opacificação parcial do seio esfenóide, foi submetido a esfenoidectomia esquerda. A lesão identificada na região foi ressecada e enviada para análise histopatológica. A mesma revelou um hemangioma capilar. O paciente, com seguimento de 12 meses, permanece assintomático. Esse relato enfatiza a importância de considerar esse diagnóstico quando avaliadas queixas relacionadas aos seios paranasais, mesmo quando a história e exames indiquem uma patologia inflamatória comum. Apesar do bom resultado cirúrgico desse paciente, essa alternativa terapêutica deve ser considerada com cuidado, levando em conta as possíveis complicações hemorrágicas dos diferentes hemangiomas.

Combined spinal epidural anesthesia for cesarean section in a pregnant patient with rare intracranial neoplasm

There are several reports of obstetric emergencies in pregnant patients with malignant intracranial tumors precipitated by worsening of the mother's neurological status which necessitate an early delivery of the fetus before definite therapy can be administered to the mother[1-3]. We describe a patient with a sphenoid sinus tumor who developed loss of vision due to rapid tumor progression necessitating an early delivery of her twin fetuses by cesarean section. The patient had co morbidities and requested to be awake during the surgery, she was managed using a combined spinal epidural anesthesia. The advantages of combined spinal epidural anesthesia as compared to a single shot subarachnoid block, epidural block or general anesthesia are discussed in a pregnant patient with decrease in intracranial compliance

Tratamento nasoendoscópico da mucocele de seio esfenoidal / Nasoendoscopic treatment of the sphenoid sinus mucoceles

Introdução: A mucocele é uma lesão benigna de crescimento lento, composta de material mucoso ou purulento, podendo ser múltiplas e causar erosão óssea. As mucoceles de seio esfenoide são raras, correspondendo a 1% dos casos; sendo mais frequentes nos seios frontal e etmoidal respectivamente. Objetivo: Relatar um caso de mucocele de seio esfenoidal que cursava com sintomas neurológicos e que foi submetida a tratamento cirúrgico através da endoscopia nasal. Relato do Caso: Paciente 80 anos, sexo feminino, com história de dor ocular, diplopia e diminuição progressiva da acuidade visual, evoluindo com amaurose bilateral dois meses depois. Na TC e RNM de crânio evidenciou massa expansiva de seio esfenoide, sugestivo de mucocele. Paciente foi submetida à cirurgia nasoendoscopica com abertura e ampliação do óstio do seio esfenoide. Comentários Finais: As patologias que acometem o seio esfenoidal apresentam grande importância em função das nobres estruturas que o circundam. A cirurgia endoscópica nasal é uma via de abordagem excelente para o tratamento das mucoceles.

Introduction: Mucoceles is a slow growth benign lesion, composed of mucous or purulent material, may be multiple and cause osseous erosion. The sphenoid sinus mucoceles are uncommon and correspond to 1% of the cases; they are more frequent in the frontal and ethmoidal sinuses respectively. Objective: To report one case of sphenoid sinus mucoceles that occurred with neurological symptoms and was submitted to surgical treatment through nasal endoscopy. Case Report: 80-year-old female patient with a record of ocular pain, diplopia and progressive decrease of the visual accuracy, which evolved with bilateral amaurosis two months after. In the cranium CT and MR we confirmed an expansive mass of sphenoid sinus, suggesting mucoceles. The patient was submitted to nasoendoscopic surgery with opening and widening of the ostium in the sphenoid sinus. Final Comments: The pathologies that affect the sphenoid sinus represent a great importance due to the noble structures that surrounds it. The nasal endoscopic surgery is an excellent approach for the treatment of mucoceles.

case report of extramedullary hematopoiesis in sphenoidal sinus in patient with intermediate beta thalassemia and review of literature

Extramedullary hematopoiesis is an important side effect of intermediate thalassemia. It is usually observed in paravertebral and other soft tissues as a compressive mass and rarely in intracranial, but it has not been roported in sphenoidal sinus in literature until now. In this article a 21-year old patient with intermediate thalassemia and sphenoidal mass has been reported. The patient underwent splenectomy and cholecystectomy simultaneously, for the billiary stones. After splenectomy his erythroblast increasesd progressively in peripheral blood, and one year later he was treated, because of acute sinusitis. Imaging studies and biopsy revealed the hematopoietic mass in sphenoidal sinus. The patient did not respond to surgical and medical treatments; therefore, he was referred for the hcmatopoietic stem cell transplantation. Ectopic hematopoiesis is a rare event in thalassemia, but it can appear in such important areas such as paravertebral and intracranial, which causes severe side effects. Therefore, immediate diagnosis and treatment in high risk patients can prevent these effects

Carcinoma adenóide cístico do seio esfenóide / Sphenoid sinus adenoid cystic carcinoma

Introdução: O carcinoma adenóide cístico do esfenóide é uma neoplasia maligna rara, na cabeça e pescoço, e quando localizado nos seios paranasais, tem origem nas glândulas salivares menores. Apresenta crescimento lento, e é caracterizado por uma grande invasão dos tecidos adjacentes, além de grande capacidade de metástases. A cirurgia associada à radioterapia pós-operatória é utilizada como tratamento. Objetivo: Descrever um caso de carcinoma adenóide cístico do seio esfenóide em um paciente do sexo masculino, negro de 62 anos. Relato do Caso: N. L. B., 62 anos, masculino, apresentava rinorréia sanguinolenta há seis meses associada obstrução nasal bilateral. Na nasofibroscopia mostrava lesão aspecto polipóide em fossa nasal esquerda. Foi submetido à biopsia e o anatomopatológico demonstrou carcinoma adenóide cístico sendo o paciente encaminhado para oncologia. Conclusões: A importância de se realizar o diagnóstico diferencial entre infecção crônica nasossinusal e tumores nasossinusais.

Introduction: The sphenoid adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare malign neoplasm, in the head and neck and when located in the paranasal sinuses, it is formed in the minor salivary glands. It grows slowly and is characterized by a large invasion of the adjacent tissues, and also has a large capacity of metastasis. The surgery associated with post-operative radiotherapy is used as treatment. Objective: To describe a case of sphenoid sinus adenoid cystic carcinoma in a male, black, 62 year patient. Case Report: N.L.B., 62 years of age, male, had bloody rhinorrhea for 6 months associated with bilateral nasal obstruction. The nasofibroscopy showed lesion of polypoid aspect in the left nasal cavity. He was submitted to biopsy and the anatomopathological exam showed adenoid cystic carcinoma and the patient was forwarded to oncology. Conclusions: The importance of conducting the differential diagnosis between chronic nasosinusal infection and nasosinusal tumors.

Aspergilosis esfenoidal, una sospecha poco habitual / Sphenoid aspergillosis, an unusual suspect

La enfermedad aislada del seno esfenoidal constituye sólo el 2%-3% de toda la patología sinusal y en la mayoría de los pacientes es de tipo inflamatorio. Asimismo, es poco frecuente la Invasión fúngica de dicho seno esfenoidal en un individuo sano e inmunocompetente, siendo extremadamente rara en niños. Nos planteamos recordar esta patología haciendo presentación de nuestra última experiencia y obtener conclusiones para mantener siempre un espectro amplio en cuanto a los diagnósticos diferenciales a tener en cuenta. El presente caso clínico expone la experiencia vivida en nuestro centro con una patología poco frecuente como es la aspergilosis esfenoidal aislada, con los antecedentes personales, características clínicas, métodos diagnósticos, pronóstico y tratamientos óptimos. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 73 años con historia de cefaleas intensas de larga evolución inicialmente sensibles a tratamiento analgésico, de localización retroocular bilateral, y que en los últimos 2 meses se hacen resistentes al tratamiento y comienzan a irradiarse a región naso-frontal derecha con mayor intensidad y con isonofobia, fotofobia, cortejo neurovegetativo, pérdida de peso, dolor cervical frecuente, intenso prurito ocular y ocasionalmente visión borrosa. Sin rinorrea, fiebre, ni ningún otro síntoma propio de un cuadro infeccioso. Los síntomas iniciales de la enfermedad del seno esfenoidal son poco precisos, de instauración insidiosa y crónica, y difíciles de caracterizar. Hasta el 70%, se manifiestan por alteraciones visuales que generalmente, Indican complicaciones inmediatas. Está asociada a peor pronóstico que en otras localizaciones por la posible extensión intracraneal precoz. Así, podemos considerar que la aspergilosis fulminante de senos paranasales en general, y del seno esfenoidal particularmente, representa una importante causa de morbi/mortalidad en pacientes cuyo estado inmunitario es deficiente, pero actualmente el patrón...

Isolated sphenoid sinus disease represents only 2-3% of the total sinus pathology and when it is present, it usually has an inflammatory origin. It seldom affects an immunocompetent person, and it is very rare in children. Our goal is to draw attention to this pathology introducing our recent experience, and to draw conclusions in order to always bear in mind a wide spectrum of possible differential diagnoses. We present the clinical experience at our hospital with a rare pathology such as isolated sphenoidal aspergillosis, reviewing the patient's personal background, clinical features, diagnosis techniques, prognosis and optimal therapy. Our patient is a 73-year-old male with long-term intense headache located in the frontal and periocular regions. Initially, common analgesics were strong enough to relieve the pain, but eventually it became more and more intense, with no response to medication. In addition, he presented cervical pain, photophobia, sonophobia, weight loss, ocular tingling and blurred vision. There was no rhinorrea, fever, or any other infectious symptom. Initial sphenoid sinus pathology symptoms are not very precise, with a latent and chronic set up, and theyare also hard to characterize. Up to 70% of patients show visual disturbances, which generally derive in immediate complications. Prognosis is worse than in other location because of early intracranial dissemination. Thus, sphenoid aspergillosis can be considered as being a potentially lethal disease in immunodeficient patients, but nowadays, fungal behavior is changing. This was the case here, as the patient remained immunocompetent.

Papiloma invertido isolado em recesso esfenoetmoidal / Inverted papilloma in the sphenoethmoidal recess

O papiloma invertido é um tumor benigno nasal que geralmente se origina na parede lateral da fossa nasal, mais especificamente da região do meato médio. Apresenta grande potencial invasivo local, com alta taxa de recorrência e potencial para transformação maligna. O acometimento do recesso esfenoetmoidal é raro e, quando ocorre, é decorrente de doença primária do seio esfenoidal. Não há relato de papiloma invertido isolado em recesso esfenoetmoidal na literatura. Relatamos um caso de papiloma invertido originado em recesso esfenoetmoidal, sem comprometimento do seio esfenoidal.

Inverted papilloma is a nasal benign tumor that usually arises from the lateral nasal wall, especially from the middle meatus. It has high local invasive likelihood, high recurrence rates and malignancy potential. Sphenoethmoidal recess involvement is rare and is usually due to sphenoid sinus primary disease. In the literature, no case of isolated sphenoethmoidal recess inverted papilloma has been reported yet. The present report describes an exceptional location of inverted papilloma, arising from the sphenoethmoid recess, without involving the sphenoid sinus.

Capillary hemangioma of the sphenoid sinus

Hemangiomas of the paranasal sinuses are rare, particularly those of the sphenoid and ethnioid sinuses. Although imaging of the sinuses is key to determining the extent of involvement, the diagnosis is based on the lesions histologic appearance. We describe a new case of sinonasal hemangioma originating in the sphenoid sinus and we discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic interventions

Invasive skull base sphenoid mucocele

A mucocele is an epithelial lined mucus-containing sac completely filling a paranasal sinus and capable of expansion. Sphenoid mucoceles are unusual lesions, with about 130 cases reported until 2001. We present a case of a 56-year-old immunocompetent soldier with sphenoidal mucocele, documented by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The lesion was excised via translabial-transsphenoidal approach and the patient recovered completely. Early diagnosis followed by microsurgical drainage of sphenoidal mucocele and prolonged antibiotic treatment is recommended

Sphenoid sinus mucocele presenting with isolated oculomotor nerve palsy.

Isolated sphenoid sinus mucoceles are rare. Patients who have these lesions can present with several different symptoms and signs such as headache, nasal symptoms, and cranial nerves 2, 3, 4, and 6 palsies. Isolated oculomotor nerve palsy is not a common presenting symptom of sphenoid sinus mucocele. However, exclusion of sphenoid sinus mucocele should be made when the patient presents with isolated oculomotor nerve palsy. A case of sphenoid sinus mucocele with isolated oculomotor nerve palsy is presented with review of the literature. The oculomotor nerve function in this patient completely recovered after endoscopic sphenoidectomy.

Infrasellar craniopharyngioma: case report

We report a case of infrasellar craniopharyngioma in a 34 year-old woman who presented with progressive headache and diplopia. Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance images showed a heterogeneous tumor originating from the sphenoid bone with ethmoid sinus and sella turcica extension. A sublabial rhinoseptal transsphenoidal surgery was performed. Craniopharyngiomas with infrasellar development are very rare. Infrasellar craniopharyngioma is uncommon, thirty-five cases has been reported in literature. The embryology, clinical features and radiographic investigation of these tumors are discussed